Whether a circumstance is an accident of a human act?

❌ Objection 1 : It would seem that a circumstance is not an accident of a human act. For Tully says (De Invent. Rhetor. i) that a circumstance is that from "which an orator adds authority and strength to his argument." But oratorical arguments are derived principally from things pertaining to the essence of a thing, such as the definition, the genus, the species, and the like, from which also Tully declares that an orator should draw his arguments. Therefore a circumstance is not an accident of a human act.

❌ Objection 2 : Further, "to be in" is proper to an accident. But that which surrounds [circumstat] is rather out than in. Therefore the circumstances are not accidents of human acts.

❌ Objection 3 : Further, an accident has no accident. But human acts themselves are accidents. Therefore the circumstances are not accidents of acts.